An employee whose personality traits closely match the traits that are ideal for his or her job is likely to earn more than an employee whose traits are less congruent （一致的），according to new research.
Findings from previous research have shown that some personality traits are generally beneficial when it comes to a work environment.Being highly conscientious （勤勉認真的），lead researcher Jaap J.A.Denissen notes，is connected with being hard-working and well-organized，qualities that are typically prized in employees.But Denissen questioned the idea that there is an ideal personality type.The researchers thought that the match，or mismatch，between a person's traits and job requirements，might be important when it comes to important outcomes like income.
The researchers developed a new way of directly comparing the fit between a given employee and a given job，using the well-established Big Five personality traits to quantify （量化） the traits that a job requires.The researchers examined personality，yearly income，and jobs of 8，458 persons living in Germany.
The results showed that fit really does matter，at least when it comes to extraversion，agreeableness，and openness to experiences.For these three traits，greater congruence between an employee's own personality and a job's requirements was connected with higher income.Importantly，the data also showed that employees who were more agreeable，more conscientious，or more open to experiences than their jobs required actually earned less than people who had congruent levels of those traits.
The researchers note that additional studies will be required to understand how job experiences，job satisfaction，and job performance might influence the association between the individual job personality fit and income.The results of the present study do suggest that achieving the right fit requires a special approach to knowing both personal traits and job-related traits.Paying attention to the approach could have important implications for both employees and employers.
（1）What does the previous research show？ BB
A．Conscientious people earn much.
B．Certain personality traits are advantageous in jobs.
C．Job requirements are decisive in choosing an employee.
D．People's income can be predicted simply by the work environment.
（2）What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ AA
A．How the new research was done.
B．A study on Big Five personality traits.
C．Denissen's opinions on previous research.
D．Why certain personalities are needed for a job.
（3）What is the result of the new research？ CC
A．Employees with a strong personality earn more than others.
B．Having too little of a given trait will cause less job satisfaction.
C．A perfect individual job personality fit contributes to higher income.
D．Conscientious employees earn more than those who are open to experiences.
（4）What do researchers say about their new research？ AA
A．It still needs further studies.
B．It has been applied to job interviews.
C．It will help people find the right job easily.
D．It has proved the previous study totally wrong.
【答案】B；A；C；A
【解答】
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發布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5
相似題
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1．All routes to STEM （science，technology，engineering and mathematics） degrees run through calculus （微積分） classes.Each year，thousands of college students take introductory calculus.But only a small number ultimately complete a STEM degree，and research about why students abandon such degrees suggests that traditional calculus courses are one of the reasons.With scientific understanding and innovation increasingly central to solving 21st-century problems，this loss of talent is something society can ill afford.
Math departments alone are unlikely to solve this dilemma.Several of the promising calculus reforms were spearheaded by professors outside of math departments.STEM faculty are prioritizing cooperation across disciplines to transform math classes to cultivate a diverse generation of STEM researchers and professionals.
This is not uncharted territory.In 2013，life sciences faculty at the University of California，Los Angeles，developed a two-course sequence that covers classic calculus topics，but also emphasizes their application in a biological context.Creating this course，Mathematics for Life Scientists，wasn't easy.The life sciences faculty involved，none of whom had a joint appointment with the math department，said they turned to designing the course themselves after math faculty rejected their request for cooperation.
In Ohio，Wright State University's Engineering departments also revised math offerings.Rather than changing the content of the calculus course，they focused on preparing students for calculus by emphasizing "engineering motivation for math." The approach enhanced opportunities for students with weaker math backgrounds to succeed in engineering and doubled the average graduation rate of engineering students without reducing the average grade of graduates.Math learning is fundamental to all STEM fields，but the opposite also appears to be true.
（1）What problem is mentioned in paragraph 1？
A．Increasing STEM dropout rate.
B．The reform of calculus courses.
C．Shrinking admission to STEM majors.
D．The shaken belief in the role of calculus.
（2）What does "spearheaded" in paragraph 2 probably mean？
A．challenged
B．evaluated
C．cancelled
D．initiated
（3）What do we know about the calculus course reform according to the text？
A．STEM departments made calculus content easier to improve students' grades.
B．Math departments sought cooperation with STEM counterparts to urge reforms.
C．Placing calculus learning in specific STEM contexts is a workable approach.
D．Removing calculus is the key to increasing graduation rate of STEM students.
（4）What does "the opposite" in the last paragraph refer to？
A．The STEM fields may be the foundation of other science subjects.
B．The STEM fields may be central to making math learning effective.
C．Math learning may set barrier for science study in the STEM fields.
D．Math learning may make way for science study in the STEM fields.發布：2025/1/1 17:30:2組卷：26引用：3難度：0.5 -
2．I once thought that outer beauty is the only factor to become a great person.When I was young，I read many kinds of books，most of which described characters who are handsome or beautiful.So I think that being beautiful is the only way to become a success.
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（1）Why did the author want to have a good appearance when she was young？
A．Because she wanted to follow the example of her friend.
B．Because she wanted to be one of the characters in the book.
C．Because she wanted to get higher scores in the job interviews.
D．Because the successful characters in the books she read were attractive.
（2）Why did the writer refer to her friend's story？
A．To show how beautiful her friend was.
B．To show how important outer beauty is.
C．To show the importance of inner beauty.
D．To show how terrible to be a beautiful girl.
（3）What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean？
A．Surgery is becoming more and more popular.
B．More and more people pay attention to outer beauty.
C．More people can afford the price of doing plastic surgery.
D．The living standard has been improved over the past years.
（4）Which of the following covers the passage best？
A．Inner beauty is the real beauty.
B．How do attractive persons become successful？
C．The key factor to find a good job is being attractive.
D．Plastic surgery is the best way to make a person more beautiful.
（5）What do we know from the passage？
A．If you are too beautiful，all your friends will leave you out of envy.
B．If you have a good appearance，you must get higher scores in the job interviews.
C．Without the TV advertisements，there wouldn't have been a boom in plastic surgery.
D．Those who have good appearances should also develop the beauty in their hearts.發布：2025/1/1 18:0:1組卷：12引用：2難度：0.6 -
3．Dear Laura，
I just heard you tell an old story of gift giving and unselfish love in your program．You doubted that such unselfish love would happen in today's world．Well，I'm here to give you （1）．
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I was so （9）．It had been a long - standing joke in our family that I wanted a piano so that I could （10）lessons． "L earn to play the piano，and I'll get you one" was my husband's （11）．
I stood there shocked，crying a river，asking myself how my son could （12）this expensive gift．
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I thought you'd love to （20）this story．
keyboard
Yours，
Hilary
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