2022-2023學年北京市房山區高三（上）期末英語試卷
發布：2025/7/4 23:0:19
第一節（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
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1．Yesterday，a salesman called me to sell his phone plans.I was at work and as I usually don't like spending time on those things，I（1）
myself that I couldn't talk yet and（2）that he call me back at 6 pm.
That's what he did.So we talked about 20 minutes.He（3）to me his different phone plans.While listening to him，sometimes I was（4）in thought.I gave several "hmm hmm" as a sign of agreement and to（5）that I was still there.Sometimes，I felt a bit（6）.But I stayed calm and（7）until the end of the discussion.
Finally，he said the following to me： "Thank you，Olivier.You are the first person in a long time with whom I had an enjoyable conversation.（8），people shout at us and slam down the phone.Today，since 10 am，I haven't had a phone（9）without arousing anger.I know you had a long day at work and you could have（10）in front of your TV.But you listened so carefully to me.I am（11）and I sincerely thank you."
It set me thinking.He had been the（12）of verbal violence （語言暴力） all through his working day.Physical（13）do not exist in this situation but dehumanization （去人性化） seems to happen.（14），he was only doing his job.I felt a sense of（15）that I hadn't treated him so rudely.（1） A．found B．excused C．reminded D．forgave （2） A．demanded B．begged C．suggested D．ordered （3） A．explained B．admitted C．apologized D．reported （4） A．stuck B．involved C．interested D．lost （5） A．announce B．warn C．confirm D．imagine （6） A．impatient B．confused C．nervous D．embarrassed （7） A．generous B．reliable C．cheerful D．polite （8） A．Unexpectedly B．Usually C．Eventually D．Similarly （9） A．meeting B．interview C．conversation D．appointment （10） A．relaxed B．slept C．chatted D．played （11） A．annoyed B．proud C．touched D．curious （12） A．destroyer B．target C．supporter D．producer （13） A．activities B．exercises C．disabilities D．conflicts （14） A．Yet B．Besides C．Otherwise D．Instead （15） A．honor B．success C．relief D．trust 組卷：8引用：3難度：0.5
第二節（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
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2．Before the existence of the modern medicine，human beings mostly depended（1）
herbal medicines and other therapeutic（治療的）methods （2）（treat） diseases and keep healthy.Then such practices （3）（give） rise to the establishment （建立） of various kinds of traditional medicine with unique theory and practice，such as traditional Chinese medicine，Indian medicine （4）Arabian medicine.
Among these traditional（5）（system） of medicine，traditional Chinese medicine is a most extraordinary one，from （6）traditional Korean medicine and Japanese medicine have developed.Even in the 21st century，traditional medicine （7）（be）still of great importance.In spite of（8）fast development of modern medicine，traditional medicine is still spread far and wide.In many developing countries，most of the people in the rural areas still （9）（main） rely on traditional medicine and traditional medical practitioners（行醫者） to meet the need for primary healthcare.Even in the countries with （10）（advance） modern medicine，more and more people have begun to accept traditional medicine and other therapeutic methods.組卷：70引用：3難度：0.5
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）第一節（共4小題；每小題6分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
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3．What would it be like to live on Mars？Volunteers are spending eight months in an area that looks much like the surface of Mars.They are isolated high on top of Mauna Loa，a volcanic mountain on the Big Island of Hawaii，living on a simulated，or make-believe，Mars Base.
The project called HI-SEAS is in the charge of Kim Binsted.She says this wild environment is as close to Mars as you can find on Earth.Because it is so high，the land is not warm or rich with plants，like the rest of Hawaii.
"You will see there is really no visible plant life or animal life.And you have got this wonderful volcanic material. "
Mauna Loa，2，500 metres above sea level，is geologically very similar to Olympus Mons on Mars and almost as tall as that Martian mountain.When measured from its base，deep in the ocean，Mauna Loa is the second largest mountain in our solar system，after the one on Mars.
The six-member HI-SEAS crew is mostly self-sufficient.Food and other supplies are brought to them.But the individuals bringing those supplies cannot communicate with volunteers inside the habitat，or base.
Kim Binsted says this experiment looks at how the astronauts interact，or get along with each other. "We study how well they work together，how we can keep them happy and supported，and not wanting to kill each other over these long durations. "
Crew members communicate with the outside world through e-mail and blogs.They also produce videos on the YouTube website.
"I am really enjoying this opportunity to live in this dome and pretend that I'm on Mars and get to learn all sorts of new skills， " one of them said.
"Whoever gets there first，the trip will not be easy， " says Kim Binsted. "It is going to be challenging. "
（1）What do we know about Olympus Mons？
A．It is 2，500 meters above sea level.
B．It is geologically similar to Mauna Loa.
C．It is the second largest mountain on the earth.
D．It is a mountain on the Big Island of Hawaii.
（2）What is the purpose of the experiment？
A．To set up a space station.
B．To explore a new settlement for humans.
C．To study how the astronauts treat each other.
D．To prove human can live in whatever conditions.
（3）How can crew members keep in touch with the outside world？
A．By Internet.
B．By telephone.
C．By letter.
D．By fax.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？
A．Volunteers First Explore Mars
B．Volunteers Experience Life in Hawaii
C．Volunteers Get a Taste of Mars in Hawaii
D．Volunteers Study the Environment on Mars組卷：11引用：2難度：0.5 -
4．Lecture-related events which are free and open to the public will be held in the National Gallery of Art．Seating is available on a first-come，first-seated basis．Registration is not required．Don't miss an event!
Lecture One：The Moon in the Age of Photography
August 20 at 2：00，2020
West Building Lecture Hall
Mia Fineman，department of photographs，Metropolitan Museum of Art 2019 marks 50 years since Apollo 11 landed on the moon on July 20，1969，capturing the attention of viewers worldwide who eagerly awaited the first photographs taken onsite．Mia Fineman explores the fascinating history of the moon imaging．
Lecture Two：Conversation with Oliver Lee Jackson
September 15 at 2：00，2020
East Building Auditorium
Oliver，artist，has created a complex body of work which masterfully weaves together visual influences ranging from the Renaissance to modernism．His works are drawn from his study of African cultures and American jazz．
Lecture Three：Photography and Nation Building in the Nineteenth Century
October 6 at 2：00，2020
East Building Auditorium
Makeda Best，master of Photography，Harvard Art Museums．In this lecture，Makeda Best will explore the function of slavery and enslaved people in visual narratives about the Civil War．
Lecture Four：Sydney J．Freedberg Lecture on Italian Art
December 8 at 2：00，2020
West Building Lecture Hall
The Sydney J．Freedberg Lecture on Italian Art features several scholars presenting original research on modern Italian art．This annual lecture series began in 1997 and is named after the great specialist of Italian art Sydney J．Freedberg （1914 - 1997）．
（1）When and where will Lecture One be delivered？
A．July 20，2020；National Gallery of Art．
B．August 20，2020；National Gallery of Art．
C．July 20，2020；Metropolitan Museum of Art．
D．August 20，2020；Metropolitan Museum of Art．
（2）In which lecture may you see pictures of battles？
A．Lecture One．
B．Lecture Two．
C．Lecture Three．
D．Lecture Four．
（3）What is special about Lecture Four？
A．It involves several lecturers．
B．It takes place every two years．
C．It is related to the origin of art．
D．It is presented byan Italian expert．組卷：7引用：1難度：0.6 -
5．Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon？Many people feel this way after lunch.They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness.Or，in summer，they may think it is the heat.However，the real reason lies inside their bodies.At that time-about eight hours after you wake up-your body temperature goes down.This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day.The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern.They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.
In many parts of the world，people take naps in the middle of the day.This is especially true in warmer climates，where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon.Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate.A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general.In countries where naps are traditional，people often suffer less from problems such as heart disease.Many working people，unfortunately，have no time to take naps.Though doctors may advise taking naps，employers do not allow it!If you do have the chance，however，here are a few tips about making the most of your nap.Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up.A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward.This can also happen if you sleep for too long.If you do not have enough time，try a short nap-even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.
（1）Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon？
A．Because you eat too much for lunch.
B．Because it's hot in summer.
C．Because your body temperature goes down at that time.
D．Because you didn't have a good sleep last night.
（2）What can we learn about "naps" according to the last paragraph？
A．All the people in warmer climates take naps in the middle of the day.
B．Doctors need to take naps while employers don't.
C．If you take naps every day，you'll never suffer from heart disease.
D．Taking naps regularly is good to people's health.
（3）If you get up at 6：30 am，what is the best time for you to take a nap？
A．About 12：30 pm.
B．About 1：30 pm.
C．About 2：30 pm
D．About 3：30 pm
（4）What would be the best title for the text？
A．All for a Nap
B．Just for a Rest
C．A Special Sleep Pattern
D．Taking Naps in Warmer Climate組卷：11引用：1難度：0.5 -
6．Dr.Paul Farmer，who died unexpectedly at the age of 62 in Rwanda，was one of the most extraordinary people I have ever known.As co-founder of the global health organization Partners in Health，Paul spent more than 30 years changing the way health care is delivered in the poorest places on earth.
Along the way，his fine mind，big heart，and continuous drive to do good inspired countless others to follow his example.
While still a student at Harvard Medical School in the 1980s，Paul and his colleagues opened a one-room clinic in remote Cange，Haiti，where they not only cared for locals，but trained a team of health workers to serve the surrounding areas.He lived there in a simple home with concrete floors，and no hot water，not so different from the adapted bus he grew up in with his parents in Florida.
Within a few years，the clinic's work gained worldwide notice for bringing tuberculosis （肺結核） under control in the area.Today，Partners in Health operates 16 health institutions in Haiti，and employs a local staff of nearly 7，000.They also operate in 11 other countries，including Rwanda，where they partnered with the government to rebuild the nation's health system.Millions of people are served every year，most of whom live on less than a few dollars a day.
I'm honored to have worked closely with Paul.For 20 years，I watched him make a difference in the poorest places，even in the face of dysfunctional （功能失調的） politics and violence.
Paul's passing is a huge loss to the world.But his voice still rings in our ears.All our lives are passing，but the purpose of living lasts：to lift others and enable them to live and work just as he did- with love，gratitude，and joy.
（1）What can we know about the clinic？
A．It catches immediate worldwide attention.
B．It is located in Paul's hometown.
C．It is co-founded by Paul and the locals.
D．It treats patients and trains health workers.
（2）Why does the author mention the figures in paragraph 4？
A．To advocate cross-border cooperation.
B．To indicate the difficulties Paul faces.
C．To raise public concern about global health.
D．To highlight Paul's contributions to global health.
（3）Which of the following best describes Paul？
A．Careful and graceful.
B．Kind and influential.
C．Stubborn and sympathetic.
D．Aggressive and adventurous.
（4）What does Paul's story teach us？
A．Well begun is half done.
B．To live in the moment counts.
C．Life is limited，yet kindness lasts.
D．Health matters more than wealth.組卷：18引用：2難度：0.5
第二節（共1小題；每小題10分，共10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
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7．The Spotlight Effect Have you ever felt as if the entire world was watching while you made a mistake？Well，here's some good news：it's likely that no one even noticed.
（1）We have this experience not only when we make mistakes but also when we perform well.Every time we do something that is a little different from what we usually do，we may assume that everyone around us will notice.The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game，have a bad hair day，or give a terrible answer in class.（2）In these moments，it feels like everyone is watching.
The spotlight effect exists because we all get used to seeing things through our own eyes.Every person is the main character in his or her story，and the events of our lives seem to have great importance.（3）
The spotlight effect is a very common part of the human experience.However，in some cases，it can lead to extreme social anxiety and nervousness around other people.Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety.We all care about what others think，and we all want to be liked.It's normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people.（4）If someone is so nervous that they can't make good decisions，then it's time to take action and improve the situation.
Learning about the spotlight effect is important because it can help us reduce our anxiety.Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you，remind yourself that it's just your mind playing tricks on you.（5）If you fill your mind with thoughts of your friends and family，it will help you be less self-conscious.
A.However，this can be a problem when the anxiety is too much to handle.
B.That's why fewer people notice the embarrassing circumstances they encounter.
C.Another good exercise is to make an effort to notice the people around you，rather than focusing on yourself.
D.The spotlight effect is a trick of the mind that makes us believe that people notice us more often than they really do.
E.What you can do at this moment is to ignore them.
F.We are so busy examining ourselves that we actually observe very little about everyone around us.
G.It can also appear when we score a big goal，ask someone on a date，or do a good deed.組卷：21引用：6難度：0.6
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節，32分）
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8．閱讀下面短文，完成短文后的問題。
Why do Chinese people think getting a haircut in the first lunar month will harm their uncles？
In Chinese tradition，it is said that getting a haircut during the first lunar month would cause one's mother's brother to die.Although this is not true，some people still choose to avoid cutting their hair during this time.They wait until Dragon Head-Raising（龍抬頭），the second day of the second lunar month，to line up outside barber shops（理發店）.
Nobody knows why haircuts have anything to do with one's uncles.One popular theory（理論） says the tradition might have started during the early years of the Qing Dynasty（清朝）.At the time，as new rulers，the Manchu people forced the Han people to cut their hair in the Manchu style.Many Han people refused to do it.They decided not to cut their hair during the first lunar month，saying it was to "commemorate the former dynasty"，or in Chinese， "思舊'.Since "思舊" sounds very similar to "dead uncle"，there may have been a misunderstanding and thus the "no haircut" tradition.
Ancient Chinese people thought that the human body，including one's skin and hair，was something that was naturally given by one's parents and should not be changed.Therefore，they cherished their hair very much and considered cutting hair to be a great insult（侮辱） to one's parents.
But this doesn't mean they never took care of their hair.They would wash，comb and trim（修整） their hair regularly.
（1）Why do many Chinese people avoid cutting their hair during the first lunar month？
（2）According to one popular theory，when did the "no haircut" tradition start？
（3）Many people refused to cut their hair and used the first lunar month to.
（4）What did ancient Chinese people think of their skin and hair？
（5）How did ancient Chinese people take care of their hair？組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5
第二節（20分）
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9．假定你是李華，你校英語協會招聘志愿者，接待來訪的國外中學生。請你寫信應聘，內容包括：
（1）口語能力；
（2）相關經驗；
（3）應聘目的。
注意：
（1）詞數應為80字左右；
（2）可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；
（3）開頭和結尾已經給出，不計入總詞數；
（4）參考詞匯：英語協會the English Association
Dear fellow students，
______
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5